Quiz 4 - Migration

Push Factor- negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their abode and migrate to a new locale.

Pull Factor- positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas.

Voluntary- permanent movement undertaken by choice.

Forced- permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors

Transnational migrant- migrants who set up homes and/or work in more than one nation-state.

Refugee- people who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.

Migrations patterns:

Intercontinental- permanent movement from one continent to another.

Interregional- permanent movement from one region of a country to another.

Intraregional- permanent movement within one region of a country.

rural to urban- permanent movement from an agrarian sparsely populated region to a densely populated metropolitan area.

Place utility- in human movement and migration studies, a measure of an individual’s perceived satisfaction for approval of a place in its social, economic, or environmental attributes.

Activity space- the space within which daily activity occurs.

Personal space-  an invisible, usually irregular area around a person into which he or she does not willingly admit others; situational and cultural variable.

Space-time prism- a diagram of the volume of space and the length of time within which our activities are confined by constraints of our bodily needs (eating, resting) and the means of mobility at our command.

Space-time compression- the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems.

Gravity Model- a model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.

Distance Decay- the diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance form its origin.

Step Migration- migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to town and city.

Chain Migration- migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.

Intervening opportunity- the presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminished the attractiveness of sites farther away.

Intervening obstacle- an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration.

Cyclic Movement- movement, for example: nomadic migration, that has a closed route and is repeated annually or seasonally.

Migratory Movement- periodic movement involving millions of workers worldwide who cross international borders in search of employment and become immigrants, in many instances.

Migration transition- change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produce the demographic transition.

Transhumance- the seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.

Internal Migration- permanent movement within a particular country.

International Migration- permanent movement from one country to another.

Migration- form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.